Lead in

The series of reports and policy briefs prepared by the General Secretariat of Interpol, which describe in detail the structure and activity of the "Solncevo" criminal gang appeared at the disposal of Rumafia.com. The following analytical report describes the structure of "Solntsevo" criminal group at the time of the beginning of new millennium.

There was made a number of analytical studies in the field of activity of a single person or group of people who are considered to be related to organized crime. Then, these studies were sent to administrations as part of the work done regarding criminal organizations and drug trafficking.


The following presentations and papers were accepted by the General Secretariat of Interpol and since 1993 they are considered to be the most correct. As part of "Millennium Project" "Solntsevo" group is regarded as one of the most important organizations among Russian / Eastern European criminal gangs.

The following studies were prepared based on information available at the INTERPOL General Secretariat of police departments and with additional information from public sources. Information that contains open source, is organized as follows: title, author, newspaper and date, while the information from police departments is marked with links, such as: BCN, footnote to the report, the date.

This report was prepared in the manner of collecting information about the famous "Solntsevo" group. This is a non-exhaustive basis for further investigation and consideration. Information, dating from 1995 to the present days, however small it may be, contains important information about the current activities of the organization. It was emphasized that the quality and relevance of the report depends on information provided by the participating countries. Information may vary depending on the sources. If it happens, then all the differences will be noted in the comments of analysts.

On the basis of this survey it became possible to prove that "Solntsevo" criminal group is very well organized and has a defined structure. However, it is not known what degree of mobility, hierarchical control and stability is obtained by various subordinate organizations and groups within the community.

It should be emphasized that the structure of the organization, presented at the General Secretariat of Interpol files, reflects a situation at a particular moment, and therefore may be different depending on the reality of today. Ultimately, the changes may result by the death of one of the members of organization or by the change of its location. The participating countries are invited to share with the General Secretariat of Interpol their point of view on this question and provide feedback on the issue.

Moreover the majority of the countries participating in the «Millennium Project», find it difficult or even impossible to provide the latest information because of their secret nature and / or because the investigations are not finished yet. As for Semyon Mogilevich , who is probably well known in many participating countries, a large amount of information about him comes mostly from countries such as the U.S.A and Israel, which can be contacted for further information.

Most of the information was provided by the FBI, which classified the members and supporters by the countries. The Swiss authorities have also participated in providing information. The presented data allowed Switzerland to supplement and clarify the available information, a clear picture of the structure of the organization and determine who was / is a member of Solntsevo crime group, and who was / is the associates and / or partners. We thank the FBI and the government of Switzerland for all the information they provided, which has a lot of value for this review. A thorough investigation of the Solntsevo crime group was conducted in 1995 by the Czech authorities. We are grateful to this country for giving information which formed the basis of this report. We also thank the Czech Republic and Switzerland for photo material.

We also want to thank the National Central Bureau in Kiev, Jerusalem, Riga, Rome, Sofia, and Wiesbaden for sending detailed information. Though the message sent by Interpol in Moscow was very brief, it also contained interesting information about the various members of the organization and the cases in which they participated. Unfortunately, the other Member States of the "Millennium Project" took a minor part in the exchange of information or even did not share it, though it is known that all of them have problems with Russian organized crime, which has been studied by these countries.

Because of the complexity and the large amount of information the report was divided into two parts:

* Part I deals with the criminal group organization, its leaders, and team members.

* Part II examines business operations of the brotherhood and its contacts with various individuals and criminal groups.

The Introduction, summary and conclusions will be the same for both parts.

We hope that the following review will allow all interested countries to understand the questions related to the criminal business of this group, its structure and fields of activity better.


Analyst's remark: the notions used at the charts and schemes of the review are as follows:


  • Company

  • Plant

  • Bank

  • Property


The dash lines in the schemes show the information which was not verified, blue color of the lines shows the companies, green-organizations and grey -the companies which do not exist anymore.


Headnote


Solntsevo crime group is a set of major and independent organizations, groups and gangs and four main divisions: the commanding team consisting of nine people who lead the criminal gangs and deal with cash common fund(the whole amount of money the criminal community has),this group includes two leaders:the authorities Sergey Mikhailov and Viktor Averin; 2) the security group, providing the leaders of the group with safety consulting 3) shock brigade responsible for crime and 4)financial group, which uses different structures for gathering cash common fund. According to different sources of information there are from 1700 to 2000 people in Solntsevo crime group.

Five top ranking vors (criminal bosses) were closely connected to this criminal group. One of the most powerful of them is Vyacheslav Ivankov. In fact top ranking vors do not perform the management of the criminal grouping but they influence the decisions and resolve disputes between Russian organized crime groups.

The Solntsevo crime group owes its name from its location-Moscow district Solntsevo. I was founded by Sergey Mikhailov and Sergey Timofeev in 1984 in Moscow.By the end of 1989 this crime group nearly took control over Moscow and started to spread its influence within the Eastern Europe. In the 1990th it developed its activity in the Czech Republic, and this lasted till 1995 until the leaders and some other members of the group were rejected the entry into the country. In 1993 Mikhailov and Mogilevich organized several groups in Hungary.


The leaders of the criminal group traveled and/or settled in the Western Europe, Austria, Switzerland, France, Italy as well as in Israel, Costa Rica, United States, investing in real estate and industry of these countries. They worked closely with the business people, lawyers and other necessary professionals who also were the members of the Solntsevo criminal group and supported this business. The Solntcevo also collaborates with the other criminal groups of Russia, for instance: the Izmaiovo crime group and Kobzon's XXI Century Fox association. It has representatives in other countries like Italy and Latvia. It also has drug dealing business with the Italians and Colombians.

The Solntsevo criminal group gained the real economic power not only on the territory of Russia but also abroad by getting rid of the leaders of competing gangs, absorbing their members and taking control over their territories.

It gets into the banking and financial business as well as main companies in Moscow. It uses corruption, sometimes at a very high level, blackmailing and bribing. The members of the Solntsevo crime group are involved into drug dealing and arms traffic, hostage taking , fraud, trafficking of stolen pieces of art, commit murder and launder money. Their activities are based on a wide network of front companies, financial institutions, funds and legitimate businesses to launder the proceeds obtained by illegal means.


The Solntsevo criminal group purchased a number of Russian companies, for example: "The System" (Sistema), "The CPI Corporation (IVK-Corporation)", "CB Holding (SV-Holding)", "Agro Plus (Agro Plus)", and deals with oil selling , telecommunications, tourism, manufacturing and computer trading, insurance and banking business. It also has invested capital in the companies in Austria, Belgium, Israel, Latvia, the UK, Hungary, USA and Cyprus.

Tofik Azimov and Evgeny Akimov are two major persons who used money laundering for the Solntsevo crime group. Semyon Mogilevich also played significant role in organizing money laundering schemes for Mikhailov, Averin and Ivankov. He belongs to the council of leadership and financial groups and is responsible for relations with the Ukrainian criminal groups. He created or participated in the creation of casinos and companies producing or trading in weapons, magnets, oil / "Arbat International (Arbat International)", "Arigon" (Arigon), "Magneks" (Magnex), "IBM Magneks" (YBM Magnex) / Hungary, Russia, USA, Ukraine, Cyprus, Channel Islands, etc. However, currently his status in the criminal community slightly fell down.

In the conclusion it may be said that the Solntsevo criminal group threatens to democracy. It turned out that it is very difficult to collect evidence of its leaders and members of money laundering process, as well as their belonging to a criminal group. It is also quite difficult to prove the illegality of the source of money having no interaction with the countries where the crimes were committed. The matter becomes even more complicated when it comes to countries with high levels of corruption. That's why the close cooperation of the participating countries is so important. Prohibiting the entry of leaders and members of criminal groups in the territory of the participating countries, we can prevent the spread of criminal influence and, accordingly, ensure protection of the Member States.

introduction


Historical, economic, political and legal situation of the countries of the former Soviet Union, allowed the intricacies of criminal and / or organizations of the Eastern European countries grow, expanding toward the other East European states, states of Western Europe and North America.

These organizations or groups are formed in accordance with various criteria:

ideological or economic: politicians, oil, arms, nuclear technology, wood, computers, etc.

ethnic or geographic: Moscow region, Uzbekistan, Czech Republic, etc.

legal entities: the judges, generals, etc.

They may specialize in different fields of activity (drugs, prostitution, etc.). They are independent organizations or groups with brigades that sometimes also operate independently.

There are "outstanding" figures such as "thieves in law", whose role is to give advice, to take part in clashes between criminals or criminal groups, evaluate their accomplices, to punish them, and to recruit new ones. If "thieves in law" are involved in the management of a criminal organization, they can not head it openly. However, the generality of "thieves in law" creates and monitors criminal activity in general.


The success of these organizations or criminal groups was made ​​possible by the establishment of contacts with businessmen and corrupt government officials. They do not have good education (the majority of Russian leaders, or "thieves in law" do not have higher education), but they are surrounded by experts who solve the technical, legal and financial problems. Some criminals are making huge profits from the privatization of state industries, using a split that occurred in the system.

"Ethnic groups" in the former Soviet Union:



We can distinguish three different ethnic groups: the Slavs, Caucasians and Chechens who have either merged or compete with each other (eg the Georgians do not work with the Armenians, but cooperate with Azerbaijani.

Slavic, Russian, Ukrainians, Belorussians, and Tatars, members of the "Izmailovo", "Solntsevo" and "Lyuberetskaya" groups share the control of the Moscow region. There are also groups of Kazan, Vladivostok and Yekaterinburg.

Georgians, Armenians, Dagestani (made ​​up of 30 different indigenous ethnic groups) and Azerbaijani as part of Caucasians.

Chechens.

Asians, including Uzbeks, Tajiks, Kazakhs and Turkmen, play in Russia a less significant role. The Assyrians (hailing from different regions of the Middle East, such as Iran, Syria, Iraq and Turkey) is a very important an ethnic group in Russia. Despite the fact that the number of people enter the criminal organizations that are not so great, they all play a big role. Every casino pays criminal tax to Assyrians, even though they are controlled by other criminal organizations.

Different groups divided the territory of Russia, for example, Krasnodar was controlled by Chechens and Abkhazians. Activity in St. Petersburg was divided between the three criminal groups: the Chechens, the group of Tambov and another group of Kazan. Moscow was monitored by eight different groups,the most powerful of them were "Solntsevo" and "Dolgoprudy" gangs.

Solncevo, as well as Dolgiye Prudy (Long Ponds) and Lubertsy-are the districts of Moscow. The specialization of these groups did not depend on the territorial or ethnic criteria. For example, the Chechens were more specialized in the export of oil and metal, banking operations, selling of stolen cars, etc., while the Azerbaijani team was dealing with drugs. Azerbaijanis have a particular interest in drugs, gambling and trading. The Armenians were engaged in car theft, extortion and bribery, and the Georgians had to deal with night thefts and kidnappings. Group, of course, could change the scope of its activities, moreover, many of them are ethnically mixed.1

Currently the territory of Russia is no longer divided between ethnic gangs. At the end of the war that arose between the Slavs and Chechens in the 1980 s - mid 1990s, the territory of Russia was divided according to ethnic criteria in respect of concentration of ethnic groups by region. For example, Krasnodar and its region were controlled mainly by Armenians and Chechens. This division does not exist anymore. After the conflict in Chechnya, in terms of economic areas, the power and interests between the ethnic groups were redistributed. Today, the main criteria is the type of economic activity. Chechens steal oil, crashing into the oil pipelines that pass through the territory of their country, and sell oil to Turkish. They do not control the oil in Russia, but they do this in Chechnya. Oil in Russia is controlled by Georgians, Kurds and Tatars. Azerbaijanis are associated with the heroin trade. 2

The names of criminal groups change in accordance with the following factors:

  1. Historical: for instance "Kamorra" means the narrow forehead which was used in the XVII century in the Kingdom of Naples as a uniform,

  2. The name of the territory: country, city, town, district, where the criminal group was founded or acted (the "Solntsevo"gang originates from the Solntsevo district of Moscow: Solntsevo means "the sunny place"3

2. "Izmailovo": This organization is one of the leading criminal groups in Moscow. It has other areas in which its interests are concentrated. It is mainly Europe and North America. The primary source of income of the organization is, allegedly, the money obtained through extortion in commerce and fraud related to the export of precious metals from Russia. At the head of the organization is Malevsky Anton, but this gang is also associated with Cherny brothers.4

Note: Malevsky Anton died in November 2001 in an accident with a parachute, which happened in South Africa. Rumors say that Malevsky was actually thrown out of the aircraft by the order of Mikhailov. It was learned that there was signed an alliance between "Izmailovo" and "Solntsevo". "Izmailovo" pays "Solntsevo" "common fund" though the fund is separated. The head of the alliance is Mikhailov.


3. "Podolsk" organization: this criminal organization is one of the most important groups operating in Moscow and its suburbs .It is headed by Lalakin Sergey. It was found that the primary source of income of "Podolsk" organization in Russia is growing and distribution of "marijuana" drugs of good quality, similar to marijuana which is grown in Russia's Far East. The group is also involved in operations related to cocaine and heroin trade between Russia and other countries. It is said that Lalakin and " Sinyakin" brigade (separate but cooperating with "Podolsk" organization, which is led by Mikhail Sinyakin, Lalakin's closest friend) are closely connected with the "Izmailovo" organization in Moscow and are the part of a "syndicate" organized by the leader of the group of Aksenov Sergey .5

4. "Mazutkinsk" organization: operating in Poland, Russia, has ties in Western Europe, USA and Canada. This organization is engaged in drug trafficking, armed robbery, extortion, receiving income from theft of art objects and cars, money laundering, etc. The organization consists of 50 active members in Russia. Russian, "thief in law", Petrov Alexey Dinarovich, born 13/11/1962 - one of the founders of the organization. Ivankov proclaimed him the "thief in law" when they sat together in a prison in Russia from 1989 to 1992. Ratko or Rodko Mikhail Mikhailovich, born 18.02.1964 nicknamed "Misha Lyuberetskiy" or "Terrorist" - is one of the leaders. 6 Martirosyan Theodore is the financier of the organization.7

Notes: Interpol in Prague called him a member of "Solntsevo''.8

Note: there are other very important criminal organizations / communities, such as the Chechens. Despite this, the Interpol had no information. They are the following: "OPS-Ural" and Assyrians, Georgians, Armenians, Azerbaijani, etc.

These major criminal organizations from time to time, contact with other gangs, or fight with each other. In certain circles, they can cooperate, and in others-be rivals. They are also in contact with other "thieves in law" or "authorities", such as Tohtahunov Alimdzhan. There are various meetings between the heads of the organizations and the "thieves in law" related to the division of spheres of influence. Moreover, some organizations formed alliances with South American and Italian organized crime.


"Thief in law"

(brief summary)



In the beginning of XX century in Russia there was a caste of thieves, passing from generation to generation. They had a strict code of ethics in which the crime was seen as a way of life and which regulated the behavior of criminals. For example, they refused all family ties, and they were not allowed neither to contact any of the authorities, nor to cooperate with them. They could not work for society and promised not to deceive thieves of their community, etc.

If these rules were violated, the thieves were punished severely for their trial. "Thief in law" resolved all the internal conflicts and watched the abidance of the moral code. He represented the group at the national meetings, ran "obshchak" (the common cash fund) or giving bribes to officials, and also helped the families of prisoners. The right to dispose "obshchak" meant to be an authority of "thieves in law": for example, Ivankov was the authority, but Petrov-no, although both of them were "thieves in law". Ivankov controls "obshchak" of the former Soviet Union. Pavel Zakharov, nicknamed "The Barber" was responsible for the Slavic "common fund." However, he stole money to build a villa, without putting notifying the other "thieves." When all revealed, he was judged by them and killed. Katchalov Zahar, nicknamed "Shakro Jr." is at the head of the Georgian and Kurdish "common fund." He was also appointed a "supervisor" / emissary of the oil business. 9



The Bolsheviks used the "thieves in law" in the fight against the king. During World War II, some of them broke the rules and entered the army. After the war, in the 50s there were quarrels between the latter and those who supported and strictly followed the code of honor, then they received the right such as to have a family, furniture, etc. and they were allowed to co-operate with the government. These new thieves, in fact most of them were "thieves in law", considered this code out of date, but doubted whether they should work with government officials of the Communist Party. Other "thieves in law" or "thieves-idealists" publicly followed code and wanted to be respected.

Subsequently this resulted in other differences, for example, in 1970 -1980s. There was outlined a split between the Russian and Caucasian (Georgian) thieves. Caucasians are less committed to the traditions and prefer to work with their blood relatives or friends. They always more willingly were buying their rank rather than deserved it. In 1990 they paid U.S. $ 250,000, and defended the policy of financial difficulties, drugs and violence.

Russian "thieves in law", more and more were aimed to make a profit and became involved in the drug trade. Code of Honor of "thieves in law" became more flexible and it even became possible to purchase this title, although only the Georgians, Azerbaijanis and Armenians were doing it, Slavs- never, they did not accept the thieves who never served time in prison. If the "thief in law" did not have enough experience in business or in another area, then the gang hired professionals (accountants, lawyers, etc.). "Thieves in Law" and "authorities" divided the countries according to the spheres of influence and controlled different countries.

Today the "thieves" are more integrated with the community and have the opportunity to "enjoy the fruits of their labors." 10 They "have leaked into the legal business structure, actually vetoing the import-export, real estate, etc. at the same time continuing to develop the traditional criminal activity".11

According to the traditional code of honor, extortion, corruption and drug trafficking, criminal activity is not typical for the "thieves in law." However pickpocketing is allowed. Traditional "thieves in law" should be jailed at least once a year. As to the code of honor, then Ivankov, who dealt with armed robbery and torture, did not follow the rules of the Code. And it is not permitted to traditional "thieves in law".12


According to the information from NCB Interpol in Moscow currently there are 1086 "thieves in law" registered in their files more than 600 of them are originated from the CIS.13 There is a special "watching person", who monitors the situation and informs the "thieve in law" of the changes. "positioning person " authority, who occupies an important place in the criminal world, is appointed by "thieve in law". Each assignment of title "thief in law" is discussed at the meeting of the "thieves in law", referred to as "gathering." There are "thieves" who are the leaders of the underworld, such as Ivankov, "authority" or "power", the criminal leader Sergey Mikhailov and independent "authority" Tohtahunov Alimdzhan. Mikhailov is the leader of his own organization and the "authority" for other organizations. He will never go against the "thieves in law". On the contrary, he asks them for assistance and pays for their work. All the "thieves in law" are "authorities," but not all "authorities" are considered to be "thieves in law". Mikhailov refused to be a "thief in law", but he agreed to resolve their financial difficulties.14

Note: According to other sources, there are about 600-700 "thieves in law".



The community of the "thieves in law" is at the top of hierarchy of Russian crime groups. They do not manage the operation but they affect the decision making process. Criminal groups allow it because they fully understand that "thieves in law "are the only people to decide whether to sentence someone to death or not.15


There are 6 main "thieves in law" in the Solntsevo criminal group:

(See the below scheme "Leaders and structure of " Solntsevo ")


1."Yaponets" (Japanese) or "Yaponchik" (Jap) or (little Japanese) or "Slava" or "Slava Yaponchik"(Slava the Japanese) -are nicknames of the Russian Vyacheslav Kirillovitch Ivankov born 01/02/1940, who is the famous "thief in law". He is the head of the underworld, is responsible for a large "common fund" (general fund money) of all the criminals of the former Soviet Union. There is evidence that he is the leader of Russian organized crime. Not all "thieves in law" accept the central role of Ivankov, but they do not discuss the subject for fear of being killed. It is believed that he is / was the head of Russian organized crime in the United States. He watched all the activity of cocaine trafficking, prostitution and money laundering. The relationship between Ivankov and "Solntsevo" group is confirmed by Interpol of Prague. 16

Note: he controls the prostitution of brothels: In accordance with the code "thief in law" has no right to directly profit from prostitution.

Ivankov was arrested on June 8, 1995 in the U.S. and is now in jail. 17 By extortion, he received $ 2.7 million from the owners of the company "Summit International Company", based in the United States on the name of Alexander Volkov, born 29.09.1960 and Voloshin. 18 Ivankov was sentenced to 9 years and 8 months of imprisonment.

In 1982, Ivankov was convicted in Russia for armed robbery, illegal possession of firearms, document fraud and drug trafficking.

In November 1991, he continued his illegal business. 19

In addition, on 4 April 2000, Moscow authorities issued a warrant for the arrest of Ivankov, who was accused of murder, with a request to inform about his location. 20 U.S. authorities reported to the Interpol in Moscow that at the time Ivankov was in prison in the U.S. and would be released only in January 2004.

2. Okunev Alexander nicknamed "Ogonyok"(light), born 17.07.1962 г.р. He will probably replace Ivankov after death.21 Until recently, he was the head of a criminal organization "Odintsovo" led by Denga Victor. In 1995 Denga stabbed "thief in law". He asked Okunev for help but he was not able to solve the problem. Then Denga turned to Mikhailov. Mikhailov helped Denga in exchange for 70% of the spheres of influence.22


3. Dzhonua Beslan, nicknamed "Besik"​​, 1953.23

His nickname, "Basik", "Besik", "Beski." Also known as Dzhonua Beslan, DOB 25/12/1953 (Interpol Jerusalem), or Dzhonova Jumbo Beslan, DOB 12/15/1953 (Interpol Washington) Dzhonova or Dzsonova Beslan A., born 26.12.1954 (NCB Interpol in France). He has dual citizenship, Russian and Hungarian, Russian passport № 41-1027796.

According to the information of Interpol in Washington, he is a member of "Solntsevo" organization and, and as their leader says, lived in Paris at the time while he was seeking refuge in France. According to another source, Dzhonua was not a member of "Solntsevo" group. Despite this, he is a "thief in law" and Mikhailov's friend, and contacts with Tohtahunov, Oniani etc. He makes decisions and takes part in the agreements as a mediator.24


According to the information of Interpol in France, his name came up in the course of an investigation related to money laundering held by the UK in 1995 against Kurchvard Adrian, his wife Galina Grigorieva and Mogilevich Semyon. Dzhonua was wanted in France on suspicion of money laundering and was found by the fake Hungarian passport. 25

According to the information of Interpol in Jerusalem Mikhailov instructed the suspects of "Russian Romance" gang how to speed up the procedure, which could help Dzhonua get citizenship. His Israeli citizenship was a personal gift from Mihailov. French police contacted Dzhonua through higher members of criminal organizations, among which was Oniani Trial, who is currently in prison in France. 26

1) By marriage fraud and usage of forged documents, many citizens of the former Soviet Union illegally managed to receive Israeli citizenship.

4. Hachidze Jamal, born 16.6.1937

His nicknames are: "Dzhimal", "Jamal", "Jema or Jemal or Dzhemal Supamsky."It is also known as Kachidze Jemal K.; Chachidze Jamal; Dzhimal K.; Khachidze Jamal; Khachidze Jemal; Khachidzhe Dzhyamal; Gachidze Jemal, Jemal Hashidze K., born 19.12.1932; Hachidze Jemal K., born 06.16.1937; Hachidze Jamal K.; Khachidze Jamal, born 16.6.1937 In Interpol in Washington and Prague, he is known as Hachidze Jemal Konstantinovich, "Jemal", born 01.16.1937 .Police authorities in Germany know him as Chachidze Jamal Konstantinovich., born 16.06.1937 in Surami. He is a Russian and has a Russian passport number 00283844. 27

In accordance with information from NCB Interpol of Washington, Khachidze was a "Thief in law",who represented the main force of the "Solntsevo" crime group. Mikhailov and Averin rehabilitated Khachidze after his release from prison. He controlled the importation and distribution of drugs (cocaine) in Moscow. According to another source, Khachidze is not so significant figure, and Mikhailov with Averin just support him financially.28

According to Interpol in Switzerland, he serves as an arbitrator in the case of unexpected problems in the group. 29 This information is confirmed by Interpol in Moscow, where it is stated that Khachidze was involved in the relationship between "Solntsevo" group and the so-called "thieves in law" - the leaders of the criminal world. 30

According to the information of Interpol in Prague, he was responsible for the distribution of cocaine. It is reported that in 1994 he ordered the assassination of former world boxing champion Karataeva Oleg, who worked for his gang and stole money from the drug trade.31

Interpol of Wiesbaden said that according to the authorities of the Russian police Khachidze belongs to the "Solntsevo" and "Kutaysi" groups, and it is reported that he is a powerful member of the leadership of the Russian organized crime in France. Interpol of Wiesbaden also reports that he has a property in Alicante / Spain, not far from the property of Kalachov. Hachidze Jamal, born 16.6.1937, in 1997 and 1998, was twice applied for German visa in Moscow. He registered in Germany 08.03.1998, showing passport number 0009964. 32 He has a house in Khashuri / Georgia, where he stayed in July 1998.33

Interpol of Prague added that identified Hachidze Jamal, born 19/12/1937, passport number 083844, took part in the meeting of the leaders of organized crime in 1995, Prague / Czech Republic.34

According to the information of Interpol in London Hachidze founded the company in the U.S. "Mercury and Mars" (or "Mars and Mercury") and Moscow real estate agency "Consult SA." 35 According to the information from Interpol in Wiesbaden, he is a companion in "Baltic Shipping Gmbh" (Bremen / Germany), which is a subsidiary enterprise of the largest shipping company in St. Petersburg.36

5. Kalachov or Kalashov Zachariy or Zahar Knyazevich nicknamed "Shakro" or "Shakro Molodoy"(Shakro Young) was born 20/03/1953 in Tbilisi / Georgia. He is Russian and "thief in law".37 In March 2000, Interpol issued in of Moscow issued Green Paper S-26/3-2000. He was convicted three times in Georgia in 1975, 1980 and 1985. 38 He is a cashier of the "common fund" and is responsible for the families involved in oil production in the countries of the former Soviet Union. It is reported that he is now in a Moscow jail on suspicion of drug trafficking, but has not received any sentence yet. 39

Note: Green Paper-information about a person who committed crime that affects the interests of several countries. His fingerprints are in the international Interpol files.

According to the information of Interpol in Kiev Kalachov together with Tariel Oniani, born 2.6.1958 are the organizers of the murder of Ukrainian deputy Vadym Hetman committed on 22 April 1998 in Kiev. 40 According to Interpol in Madrid, Kalachov and his accomplices were wanted by the Interpol in Alikatne / Spain for the white slave trade, and money laundering. 41 Interpol in Wiesbaden reports that Kalachov had a property in Alicante / Spain.42


6. Bizikachvili Nikolay, nicknamed "Tsika", born in 1956. He is reportedly murdered.43



Solntsevo gang

Solntsevo gang is considered to be the richest, the most important and one of the most powerful, Eurasian criminal group 51 .

According to the Interpol National Central Bureau in Washington, Solntsevo group has more than 2,000 members *. It is comprised of about 12 teams, consisting of 15-40 people. Under the leadership team is 15-20 sub brigades the members of which are trained to reach the brigade level. Each team has a leader who is accountable and shares the profits received by criminal way, with Sergei Mikhailov and Viktor Averin, who while hiding from risks abroad, developed the scheme.52


But this information does not match the information of Interpol in Prague, according to which there are 400-600 members in this gang.53 This data is confirmed by NCB of Interpol in Moscow. 54 According to information provided by the Central Bureau of Interpol in Rome, the organization consists of 30 different groups, each of them has a leader. Every group consists of about 600 members, at least 200 of them are actively involved in the activities of the organization. Most members live in Solntsevo, as well as in the Gagarin, Kuntsevo and Cheremushki districts of Moscow. The above-mentioned groups are headed by 7 leaders, including Sergei Mikhailov, Victor AVERIN, AVERIN Alexander, Semyon Mogilevich.55


In accordance with the information obtained from other sources, Solntsevo is a community of different groups, teams or gangs , each of them has 20-50 members, and these gangs are made ​​up of smaller teams and groups of 5-20 people. Part of the gang are ordinary members ("soldiers"), there are about 1,700 active members * ("soldiers", foremen and leaders)worldwide who are involved in the illegal business. In addition, there are members who are not directly involved in the illegal business, but know who they work for (for example, the chief accountant knows that he is working with the MIKHAILOV's accounts). The rest part is made up of the employees who are not aware that they are involved in criminal activity. They are not active members.56


* Analyst's remark: number of members may vary. It depends on whether the considered organization / community is considered as a part of the gang or the criminal organization itself.

TO BE CONTINUED